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KMID : 1037620190060010026
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Pediatric Emergency Medicine Journal
2019 Volume.6 No. 1 p.26 ~ p.30
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A case of hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis caused by an Epstein-Barr virus infection, presenting with unremitting fever and rash
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Oh Seong-Beom
Koh Chan-Young
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Abstract
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Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a hyperinflammatory syndrome caused by excessive activation of lymphocytes and macrophages, leading to cytokine storm. Infection-associated HLH is most common, and Epstein-Barr virus is the leading triggers. Quick diagnosis is essential for starting the treatment before irreversible damage. We report a case of 16-year-old boy who presented with unremitted fever, jaundice, and erythematous maculopapular rash all over the body. Investigations showed thrombocytopenia, hyperferritinemia, hypertriglycemia, and the bone marrow biopsy showed hemophagocytosis. Epstein-Barr virus antibody was positive. He responded to chemotherapy as per the HLH-2004 protocol and supportive treatment, and was discharged without complication on day 17.
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KEYWORD
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Epstein-Barr Virus Infections, Exanthema, Ferritins, Fever, Lymphohistiocytosis, Hemophagocytic
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